Complications of Exodontia

Difficulties of Exodontia Presentation: Patients visit the dental facility for a daily practice or arranged visit for treatment, conditions identified with the oral cavity or because of torment. Indeed, even with the innovation of cutting edge dental strategies in reclamation of teeth, extraction is one of the most routinely did dental method (El-Kenawy and Ahmed, 2015). Exodontia can be characterized as Painless expulsion of the entire tooth or tooth attaches with negligible injury to the contributing tissues, so the injury mends un-eventfully (Datarkar and Datarkar, 2007). Dental extraction systems require a decent comprehension of anatomical structures alongside satisfactory armamentarium and great procedure. Fruitful treatment relies upon great analysis, arranging, fitting careful strategy and all around checked post usable period. Despite the fact that it is a straight forward system, there is a chance of intricacies during different phases of exodontia and the specialist ought to have the option to adapt to it (Louis , 2015). Intricacies are unexpected occasions that will in general increment the horribleness, above what might be normal from a specific employable method under ordinary conditions (Venkateshwar, et.al, 2011). They are uncommon and can emerge because of a wide assortment of elements. This report covers foundational and neighborhood confusions for: Pre-usable Peri-usable Post-usable Conversation: Pre-usable difficulty and the board Pre-employable Systemic intricacies: Pre-employable assessment of the patients inside and out history (clinical, dental or social) over a wide span of time and physical assessment is essential (Thakur, et.al, 2014). The patient ought to be gotten some information about their central grumbling and history of present sickness depicting beginning, quality, power, term, area, radiation, compounding or alleviating factors, prescriptions (recommended or over the counter) being taken including any hypersensitivities and the sort of unfavorably susceptible reaction. A note of patients family ancestry may uncover acquired ailments, for example, hemophilia. Patients social emotionally supportive network ought to likewise be noted alongside propensities, for example, liquor/tranquilize admission and tobacco use. A ROS ought to be finished and it may uncover undiscovered ailments. Surveys are utilized for this reason (Appendix 1). The normal ailments and their administration are talked about underneath: Cardiorespiratory: Angina, myocardial dead tissue, hypertension and asthma are generally normal. Manifestations are smashing chest torment, dyspnoea, oedema and palpitations. Patients will experience issues in going up in excess of 20 steps, additionally there is hack and wheeze. Minor treatment can be acted if there should be an occurrence of stable angina, however elective dental consideration conceded in unsteady or ongoing angina. The danger of MI in higher inside the initial a half year of earlier MI and are delegated ASA class IV and high hazard methods conceded. Elective dental consideration can be ordinarily performed securely in asymptomatic patients with over a year MI. Premedication is controlled to patients having BP esteem between 160-190/95-110 mmHg (oral or inward breath sedation). There is no confirmation of cardiovascular hazard lessening even in the event of deferring medical procedure in patients who have BP higher than 180/110 mmHg (Andersson et al, 2010). Draining disarranges: Questions ought to be gotten some information about draining or wounding and family ancestry. (Least platelet mean medical procedure 100,000 for every small scale liter). 5% tranexamic corrosive mouth wash given and patient on anticoagulants ought to have INR Endocrine issue: Diabetes (Morning arrangement 1-1.5 hrs after breakfast, this stays away from hypoglycaemic response), hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism. Epileptic seizures: Type, recurrence, accelerating factors. Hypersensitivities: Including neighborhood sedatives, anti-infection agents, analgesics, dental materials. Utilization of anticoagulants: INR of 2.0-3.5 is the protected range for performing basic exodontia methodology. The range is diminished to 1.6-1.9 for confounded methodology. Bisphosphonates, Gastrointestinal clutters, Liver issue and jaundice, Infections-HIV, hepatitis, syphilis or gonorrhea, Pregnancy, Radiotherapy likewise should be checked as they could prompt intricacies. In all the above issue the uneasiness control convention ought to be followed and pre-usable prescriptions given whenever required. Physiological assessment is additionally completed to affirm dental or ailments alongside the indispensable signs (Appendix 2). ASA grouping for least pre-usable necessity is a convention to be followed (Appendix 3). Pre-usable neighborhood inconveniences: Torment: It can be odontogenic or non-odontogenic. Patient ought to be posed inquiries as clarified in HOPI (2.1.1). It is dealt with dependent on WHO order (Appendixã‚â 4) Disease: It can be a limited canker or can spread into spaces (submandibular, sublingual or maxillary) bordering the tooth causing extreme inconveniences just as influence the utilization of sedatives during medical procedure. It is treated with the utilization of anti-infection agents (Yousuf, et.al, 2016). Peri-employable complexities and their administration: 2.2.1 Peri-employable Systemic complexities: Coming up next are the most regularly experienced conditions in dental practice (0.7 cases per dental specialist every year, Girdler, 1999).ã‚â in case of an assault, remain quiet, stop dental treatment, make nature safe, cause patient to sit upstanding much of the time, screen imperative signs, check for AVPU (Appendix 5) in cognizant patient and follow ABCDE (Appendix 6) approach in oblivious patients (Scully,2014). In non-reacting patients consistently call 999 and start CPR (Appendix 7). Crisis medications and hardware list (Resuscitation gathering UK, 2013; Joshi Acharya, 2016) (Appendix 8). Asthma: Few initiations of patients own salbutamol inhaler (100 mcg/incitation) or 10 actuations utilizing huge volume spacer gadget, rehashed each 10 mins and oxygen (15 liters/min). Hypersensitivity: Give oxygen (15 liters/min), i.m adrenaline (anterolateral part of the center third of vastus lateralis) in a portion 0.5 mL infusion of 1:1000, rehashed at brief hole in the wake of observing indispensable signs. Pediatric portion given (Appendix 9). Angina: 2 GTN showers (400 mcg/incitation) sublingually, oxygen (15 liters/min). Tolerant doesn't recuperate in a short time reward for MI. MI: Call 999 promptly, sublingual GTN if not effectively given, single portion headache medicine (300mg) orally to be bitten, oxygen (15litres/min). Epileptic seizures: Do not endeavor to control development, give oxygen (15litres/min), single portion of 10mg midazolam buccally. Hypoglycaemia: Conscious patient give oral glucose, rehashed shortly. Oblivious patient give glucagon i.m course (1mg grown-ups, 0.5mg kids Syncope: The patient ought to be laid level promptly and legs raised, give oxygen (15litres/min). Stifling: Allow patient to hack overwhelmingly, expel any obvious remote bodies, give 5 sharp back blows and if there is no dislodgement of the outside body 5 stomach pushes are conveyed (Heimlich) (Appendixã‚â 10). 2.2.2 Peri-employable Local difficulties: These can be forestalled by legitimate treatment arranging, utilization of good careful information and procedure. Pre-employable X-beams will assist the dental specialist with locating any irregularities corresponding to the tooth and position of anatomical structures. Understanding past dental history and blood test reports checked (Appendix 11). The experience of the specialist assumes a significant job in forestalling these entanglements and adequately overseeing them. Delicate tissue wounds: Due to ill-advised moving or slippage of instruments. Regular zones harmed are lips, cheeks, sense of taste, floor of mouth, tongue. The board: Good fold reflection and luxation of tooth guaranteeing appropriate hold of instrument and delicate tissue insurance utilizing thumb and pointer of free hand. Little wounds need no treatment. In broad wounds draining should be controlled and wound stitched. Tooth root crack: Common occasion because of broad caries, huge rebuilding and endodontically rewarded tooth. Root tip breaks are normal in back multirooted teeth. These are caused because of ill-advised luxation and utilization of unnecessary powers utilizing forceps. The board: If root crack is noted, water attachment completely and straightforwardly envision root. In the event that root tip ( Crown break or luxation of contiguous tooth: Crown crack (broad caries or huge rebuilding) and luxation of nearby tooth happen when enormous measure of power is applied to extricate a tooth utilizing the adjoining tooth as support. The executives: Avulsed tooth repositioned and balanced out utilizing supports for atleast 3 a month. On the off chance that there is any agony after this period the tooth should be reestablished with root trench treatment. Drain: Frequently happens in most dental surgeries. It is for the most part because of the injury to the veins or scatters of blood coagulation. The executives: Control draining and endeavor to discover the inception. Haemostasis acquired by Compression, Cellulose (Surgicel), Haemostatic Collagen (CollaPlug, CollaTape), Bone wax, 5% Tranexamic corrosive mouth wash, stitches and Electrocautery (Bagheri, et.al, 2016). Maxilla: Crack of maxillary tuberosity: may make issue for dental replacement retension and is a direct result of extraction of the maxillary back teeth (bone debilitated by maxillary sinus pneumatising into alveolar procedure), ankylosis of the tooth or diminished obstruction of bone and poor strategy (Von and Lozanoff,2017). The board: If periosteum isn't disengaged from the broke portion, the bone is repositioned, tissue approximated, stitched and extraction rescheduled following 2 months. On the off chance that bone portion totally reflected from tissues, tooth is first extricated, bone smoothened and wound stitched. Anti-microbials with wide range are recommended. Relocation of tooth into maxillary sinus: Occurs when attempting to luxate affected maxillary third molar. The executives: Make the patient demonstration upstanding position and take radiograph. On the off chance that tooth is obvious it very well may be evacuated by constraining positi

Computer literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

PC education - Essay Example These make of PCs are costly and for the most part utilized for explicit activities and applications that need colossal measure of data and counts. They are utilized in climate estimating among numerous different spots where supercomputers are required, for example, atomic vitality inquire about, land information investigation, and electronic plan. Centralized server PCs it is a ground-breaking PC utilized by a few clients in this manner alluded to as a multi-client PC. These PCs got their names after the little â€Å"minicomputers† rose in the mid 1970s. Today, the centralized server PCs are enormous. They are over the top expensive since they can bolster a few several clients simultaneously. In various manners, it very well may be said that centralized computer PCs show better qualities analyzed than supercomputers since they can bolster a few projects all the while. Then again, supercomputers have the benefit of executing single projects at a quicker rate contrasted with centralized server PCs. Minicomputers-these are medium size PCs utilized for applications. Their principle utilizes incorporates building, work area distributing, improvement of programming and numerous different applications that requirements moderate measure of capacity to figure. PCs they initially came to presence in 1970s. They are little, cheap and intended to be utilized by singular clients. The main sorts of PCs to go to the market were the Apple II. PCs are ordered relying upon size and body. The suspension is additionally alluded to as the metal casing, which fills in as the basic help for electronic segments. PCs developed to a point where little versatile PCs came to being. There are various sorts of PCs including Tower model-in this PC, the mass stockpiling, motherboard and the force flexibly are on each other in a bureau. This is inverse of what exists in the work area models where these PC segments are in a minimal arrangement of box. Tower

Triceratops essays

Triceratops articles At the point when a great many people catch wind of the Triceratops they for the most part think about the dinosaur with the horns. Indeed, Triceratops signifies three-horned face and alludes to the three amazingly huge and threatening horns all over, however there is significantly more to this dinosaur than simply its looks. (childrensmuseum.org/kinetosaur/dinotric.htm) Despite the fact that this dinosaurs looks might be threatening, it is really a herbivore, however it could likewise take up for itself when it expected to. At nine meters (30 ft) long, Triceratops was among the biggest ceratopsians and one of the last to get wiped out. It made up the greater part of the plant eating populace not long before the finish of the Cretaceous. Its remaining parts are especially basic in waterfront marsh silt. cbv.ns.ca/marigold/history/dinosaurs/datafiles/triceratops.html Triceratops remains were first found close to Denver, Colorado, in 1887. From the start they were distinguished as the remaining parts of an as of late wiped out types of wild ox. Triceratops had a solitary, short nasal horn and horns as long as hockey sticks projecting over its eyes. Its head, some of the time as much as three meters (10 ft) since a long time ago, was the biggest at any point controlled by a land creature. It had enormous eyes and a generally huge mind. Triceratops lived in the late Cretaceous Period, around 72 to 65 million years back, close to the finish of the Mesozoic, the Age of Reptiles. It was among the remainder of the dinosaur species to advance before the Cretaceous-Tertiary annihilation 65 million years prior. enchantedlearning.com/subjects/dinosaurs/dinos/Triceratops.shtml The Triceratops end up being the biggest referred to ceratopsid - overwhelming as an elephant, with a enormous body, and a head as long as the tallness of a human. dinodata.net /Dd/Namelist/Tabt/T121.htm. An expansive, hard ornament stood out from the rear of its profound angled skull, and t ... <!

President Speech Essay Example for Free

President Speech Essay While taking a shot at this venture, I have achieved tremendous information and experience has been fascinating. I am grateful to my PC educator who has guided me and given me the layouts identified with the subject and furthermore the help gave by my companions. I am grateful to my folks for their assistance. I in this manner recognize the way that without their assist this with anticipating would not have been finished. Cricket has consistently been similar to a religion for this nation. It is viewed as something other than a game. The players are considered as mythical beings and truly loved. The Twenty20 arrangement of cricket made history. After the Twenty20 arrangement of cricket was acquainted with the world, cricket has recently been flooding out of everyones ears, its everything about cricket. Indian Premier Leagues cause is very fascinating. Everything began when Lalit Modi, the Vice President of the Board of Cricket Control in India (BCCI) imagined the Indian Premier League. It is made along the lines of club football in Europe, explicitly the English Premier League. IPL has been propelled because of the dissident Indian Cricket League (ICL) propelled by Zee Group. The DLF Indian Premier League is an astounding event in entire of cricket history. The Indian Cricket Board affirmed it a couple of months back. It is viewed as an awesome open door undoubtedly. The configuration of Twenty20 cricket has developed as a wonder after the Twenty20 World Cup was won by India and from that point forward individuals have been completely drenched into it. There is no uncertainty where the Indian Premier League is going, similarly as viewership and benefits forâ everyone related with it is concerned. Theâ 2012 Indian Premier Leagueâ season, abridged as IPL 5â or the IPL 2012â or the DLF IPL 2012â (owing to title sponsorship reasons), was the fifth period of the Indian Premier League, started by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007 with theâ first season played in 2008. The competition started on 4 April and finished on 27 May 2012 Kolkata Knight Ridersâ were the triumphant group, beating shielding champions Chennai Super Kingsâ by five wickets in the last. This season the quantity of groups in the alliance went from ten to nine with the end of Kochi Tuskers Kerala. In spite of a moderate beginning, IPL 5 earned a higher total viewership than any past release of the IPL. [7] The aggregate reach for 74 IPL 5 matches was recorded at 163 million against 162 million for 73 matches in IPL 4, and the last match had a higher reach than any past last. This release of the IPL has been the most serious with 19 matches in which group won in the last finished and 6 matches in which group won by an edge of under 10 runs. Close to the finish of the period, the season confronted different obstacles including a spot fixing case, which purportedly included 5 players got on a sting activity carried on by a nearby news channel. The best three groups of the competition (Kolkata Knight Riders, Chennai Super Kings and Delhi Daredevils) will speak to India in theâ 2012 Champions League Twenty20. The Fair Play Award was won by Rajasthan Royals, while Kings XI Punjab batsman Mandeep Singhâ was named the competitions Rising Star and Kolkata Knight Riders bowler Sunil Narineâ was Player of the Season. The last between the guarding double cross champions Chennai Super Kingsâ and the first-run through finalists Kolkata Knight Ridersâ was held at the M. A. Chidambaram Stadium, Chennaion May 27, 2012. While the Super Kings held their group from the Qualifier, a hamstring injury to Knight Riders medium-pace bowler Lakshmipathy Balajiâ resulted the incorporation of Australian Brett Leeâ and this consideration of another outside player required the Knight Riders to forget about their previous skipper and wicket-attendant batsman Brendon McCullum ofNew Zealandâ to keep up the top of 4 remote players. Wicket-manager batsman Manvinder Bislaâ was acquired to replace Brendon McCullum. After Super Kings captain Mahendra Singh Dhoniâ won the hurl and chose for bat first, openers Murali Vijay and Mike Husseyâ put on an initial association of 87 until Vijay was excused for 42 (from 32 balls) in the eleventh over. Mike Hussey was joined by IPLs driving run scorer Suresh Rainaâ and they scored at a lively rate to arrive at 160 when Hussey was excused in the eighteenth over for 54 (from 43 balls). Suresh Rainaâ who had scored a monumental 73 (from 38 balls) with fiveâ sixesâ was excused off the last ball as Chennai arrived at an impressive aggregate of 190. In answer, the Knight Riders lost their captain Gautam Gambhirâ cheaply for 2 in the first finished. Be that as it may, they recouped as Manvinder Bislaâ (89 from 48 balls) and Jacques Kallisâ (69 from 49 balls) included 136 for the subsequent wicket. Not long after Bislas excusal in the fifteenth over, the Knight Riders lost wickets at standard interims and after Kallis was gotten out by Ravindra Jadejaâ off the bowling of Ben Hilfenhausâ at 18. overs, the Knight Riders required 16 runs from the last 7 balls. Shakib Al Hasanâ appeared to have been gotten by Murali Vijayâ off the following conveyance from Hilfenhaus yet it happened to be aâ no-ballâ and in the midst of the festivals, Shakib Al Hasan had finished two runs and held the strike and hit aâ fourâ the exceptionally next ball. Requiring 9 hurries to win from the last over, Manoj Tiwaryâ hit consecutiveâ foursâ to secure triumph for the Knight Riders. [31] Manvinder Bisla was proclaimed Man of the Match for his 89 from 48 balls which included five sixes and eight fours. By and large, 22453â runsâ were scored at anâ averageâ of 26. 2 with an overallâ run rateâ of 7. 82. 857â wicketsâ fell in the entire of the competition. Both the measure of runs and the measure of wickets are the most that has happened in one competition out of all five IPL tournaments. Over the span of this competition, pace bowlers took 531 wickets with a normal of 27. 20 and normal run pace of 7. 81 though spinners took 241 wickets at a normal of 31. 35 and normal run pace of 7. 41. By and large, 6 centuries were scored. IPL 2008 and IPL 2011â also had a similar sum ofâ centuries. In this competition, 96 fifties were scored, which was the most in any release of the IPL. This release additionally observed 1911 fours, 2 fours not exactly past version ofâ 2011 Indian Premier League. 731 sixes were additionally scored, which was another record for a season. Then again, this version had just 2 cases in which a solitary bowler took 5 wicket pull inside his portion of 4 overs according to the guidelines of Twenty20 cricket. The 2012 period of Indian Premier League (IPL) will be the fifth period of IPL since its initiation in 2007. IPL 5 is going to begin on fourth April and will proceed till 27th May 2012. The finals of ipl 2012 would be held in Chepauk, the home ground of Chennai Super Kings who will likewise be shielding their title this year. Kochi Tuskers Kerala franchisee has been ended by BCCI. KTK has recorded an appeal in the court yet has not gotten any break from the court. IPL 2012 will be played among only nine groups this time. Adrenaline junkies sign Ross Taylor IPL 5 most recent news is New Zealand Captain Ross Taylor has been exchanged by Rajasthan Royals to Delhi Daredevils in front of IPL 2012. Taylor is Delhi’s second large marking of the period after they procured Kevin Pietersen from the Deccan Chargers. Rajasthan Royals had purchased Taylor for USD 1 million at the IPL Player Auction 2011. The Kiwi played 12 counterparts for the Royals, scoring 181 runs at a normal of 36. 20 and a strike-pace of 119. 07. Levi replaces Symonds in MI Mumbai Indians, the Champions League 2011 heroes, today marked T20 sensation Richard Levi as a swap for previous Australian batsman Andrew Symonds, for the fifth version of Indian Premier League 2012. Communicating energy to join the positions of Captain Sachin Tendulkar and Harbhajan Singh, Levi stated, â€Å"I am respected to have Mumbai Indians the executives enthusiasm for my administrations. I have gotten notification from companions around that Mumbai Indians resembles a more distant family where group shares an incredible bond and endow upon youths. Past, Sachin Tendulkar has been my youth saint and it is energizing to share the changing area with him. † PWI to play IPL 5 ;amp; Sourav Ganguly to accept all Decisions as Captain? The BCCI-Sahara adventure at last hopes to arrive at a resolution, with BCCI President N. Srinivasan saying prior in the day, that: â€Å"we do acknowledge what Sahara has done. They may have felt bothered and didn't get what they needed from the IPL.  Finally, Subrata Roy, came out on a News Channel and affirmed, whatever may happen Pune Warriors will without a doubt play the IPL ;amp; he says Sourav Ganguly will take all the last calls about it. He stated, in no way, shape or form, Sahara needed the players to pass up cricket and subsequently PWI group will morose play the IPL and all choices about it, will be taken by Sourav Ganguly himself. Additionally, Sahara Boss affirmed that Sourav Ganguly will be the commander of the PWI group ;amp; all cricketing choices of the group will be taken by him. CHENNAI SUPER KINGS Chennai Super Kingsâ (often shortened as CSK) is a franchiseâ cricket teamâ based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu that plays in the Indian Premier League. Established in 2008, the group is as of now captained by Mahendra Singh Dhoniâ and instructed by Stephen Fleming, a previous New Zealand cricketer. The groups home ground is the M. A. Chidambaram Stadiumâ (often alluded to as Chepauk) found in Chennai. Chennai Super Kings is the best group in the Indian Premier Leagueâ team up until this point. The group has won the IPL title twice in progression (2010â andâ 2011) and arrived at the pla

Education and Work Experience - Free Essay Example

There is no doubt that both higher education and work experience are important parts of education for employability. Many students want to go university and graduate with a degree which can fill their resume. However I believe that the work experience has better efficiency than the degree, particularly in terms of employment activity. First of all, work experience during higher education, and in particular that related to study, has a positive effect on employment activity because experience is what the majority of employers want. For example, we can easily find that many of the job or career advertisements emphasize 3 to 4 years experience in the particular field. According to my experience, I also preferred experience over education when I tried to designate new members as my team. I selected 7 applicants who have some experience out of 120 candidates applying for the position in order that I wanted to start the project immediately. Companies want to save both time and money by choosing experienced employees. The other major reason is that the work experience allows students to learn about the world of work in a real working situation. They can get a good idea of what work is like in their placement and it help them to decide about their career. It is very useful even though they find that the field does not match them, as they can quickly change their pathway based on the experience. On the other hand, there are the types of jobs that require higher education over experience such as university professors in specific fields of study, for example: mathematics, physics, and chemistry etc. We can easily find that many young professors who do not have work experience but are highly educated and their knowledge is what is needed in their particular expertise. Therefore, in the specific part of job, higher education is more important than work experience. However, in the wider world of job, work experience is more important than higher education. To sum up, it is clear that work experience has a positive impact on most aspects of employment activity. For this reason, those students who want to design their life or find better job after graduating should try to get work experience related to study during their educations.

The Articles of Confederation - Free Essay Example

After the Americans declared themselves independent from England, they were left with the duty of deciding how they should be governed. At first, people were not comfortable with a strong centralized government as they feared it would turn into a dictatorship or another monarchy. Since the people feared a strong centralized government, they created the Articles of Confederation, which was purposely made to be a weak government. The Articles of Confederation were very limited in what they could do, and had a wide range of what they couldn’t do. The majority of what they could do was have the power to declare war, negotiate treaties, and make alliances, while also be in charge of the army. So pretty much the Articles of Confederation only had the power to determine how foreign affairs will go. They didn’t have the power to tax, and they had to ask the states for money. This meant that in order to fund the army, they had to ask the States to fund it, as only the states had the power to tax the people. This ended up being a huge problem for America as they couldn’t properly supply the army. Finally they decided a weak centralized government could not effectively support the growing United States, and they came back together at the Constitutional Convention in 1787.

Essay Efforts Towards Unifying the United States and Mexico

Efforts Towards Unifying the United States and Mexico For the first time in American history, a President is placing Hispanic voters at the center of politics. George W. Bush has his administration have recently been concerting their efforts towards unifying the United States and Mexico, a task that has been on the priority list of past Presidents, but never as full-pledged as Bush. It makes sense if you think about it: Texas, long ago and far away, was part of Mexico. Now a Texan is trying to reassemble the Old Country, and then some. In a major step towards finding a resolution, President Bush invited Mexicos newly elected President, Vicente Fox, to the White House State Dinner. During Foxs three day visit to the†¦show more content†¦At the state dinner, Fox said he believed his nation and the United States could come up with a solution together. We are going to come up with answers, he said, referring not only to immigration, but international crime. 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Adidas also makes referee kits that are used in international competition and by many countries and leagues in the world. In the United States, referees wear the Adidas kits in MLS matches even though the primary referee supplier is Official Sports. The company has been an innovator in the area of footwear

How to Get Good Grades in Business School

Every business school works differently when it comes to grades. Some grading systems are based on instructional approaches. For example, lecture-based courses sometimes base grades on class assignments or test scores. Programs that use the case method, like Harvard School of Business, often base a percentage of your grade on classroom participation. In some cases, schools wont even award traditional grades. Yale School of Management, for example, has grading categories like Distinction, Proficient, Pass, and Fail. Other schools, like Wharton, request that professors keep average class GPAs below a certain number, ensuring that only a certain number of students will receive a perfect 4.0. How Important Are Grades in Business School? Before you begin worrying about grades too much, its important to note that GPA isnt really that important if youre an MBA student. Obviously, you want to be able to pass your class and do well, but when it comes down to it, MBA grades just aren’t as important as high school or undergraduate grades. Employers are willing to overlook soft grades for MBA grads who fit the company culture or excel in a particular area, such as leadership. If youre a student in an undergraduate business program, on the other hand, your GPA is important. A low undergraduate GPA can keep you out of a top-ranked graduate school. It can also affect your employment prospects, as employers are much more likely to ask about your class rank and success rate in a particular class. Tips for Getting Good Grades in Business School Determination is an important quality for all MBA students. Without it, you are going to have a hard time wading through the notoriously rigorous curriculum and keeping up with your cohorts. If you can keep your determination level high, your persistence will pay off with good grades or at least an A for effort — professors notice enthusiasm and effort and will find some way to reward it. A few other tips to help you get good grades in business school: Show up for class. You don’t need to attend every single class, but if you attend a small business program, your empty seat will be noticed. Since many business programs are teamwork-based, you will also be letting down your classmates when you do not pull your weight.Participate in class. Remember, participation can account for a large portion of your grade. If you don’t get involved in class discussion or at least look interested in class, you won’t fare well in a case-based curriculum or a course that emphasizes involvement.Learn to read fast. In two years of business school, you could read as many as 50 textbooks and 500 cases. Learning how to take in a lot of dry text in a short amount of time will save you time and allow you to focus on other work.Join or form a study group. Study group members can learn from one another. Making yourself accountable to a group can also keep you motivated and on track.Read case studies. A good case study/analysis combo is th e perfect way to learn how to answer questions in a business school class. If you know what topic you will be studying next week in class, prepare with a few case studies in private this week.Master time management. There is never enough time to get all of your work done in business school. The more you can learn and practice time management, the easier it will be for you to at least get to 90 percent of your work.Network with everyone. Grades are important, but networking is what will help you survive business school and thrive after graduation. Don’t sacrifice your time with other people for hours in the books.

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury - 655 Words

At the beginning of the book, Montag makes a friendship with his seventeen year old neighbor, Clarisse. Soon, he realizes he is unhappy and no longer loves her. He also begins to question the ways of the world. For example, he wonders why books are aware to be so dangerous and why some people are so loyal to them. Montag lost his mind, job, and family. He also finds himself running away from everything he knows. Even when Montag meets Clarisse, Montag wasn’t a normal guy. Through most of the book Montag lacks knowledge and believes what he hear. Montag killed Beatty because he was going to be arrested for having books. Montag was through with Beatty is pushing him around all of the time and forcing him to burn down his own house. Beatty was killed because he was making fun of Montag and trying to get Montag angry at Beatty was going to have Faber killed. †Thinking back later he could never decide whether the hands or Beatty’s reaction to the hands gave him the fin al push toward murder. (pg.119) Captain Beatty is really lost it in the head. It is as if he wants Montag to do something to kill him. Beatty was Captain over everyone and he thought he was always right. He’s the head honcho fireman, but he knows more about books than anyone else. â€Å"Now, Montag you’re a burden and fire will life you off my shoulders clean, quick and sure. (pg.129) Montag kills Beatty with the fire thrower that has burned thousands of book and hopes. I cited this information from GoogleShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury719 Words   |  3 PagesThe flash point of paper, or the temperature at which paper will burst in flames, is 451 degrees Fahrenheit. In Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, the main character, Guy Montag, is a â€Å"fireman† in a futuristic society where he and his coworkers start fires, rather than put them out. Books are banned and burned, along with the owner of the book’s house and sometimes even the owner of the book, upon discovery. Technology has taken over in a sense that social interaction between the average personRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1952 Words   |  8 Pagesis clearly displayed in the plight of Ray Bradbury’s novel about a dystopian American society, Fahrenheit 451, which contains many ideas and bits of content that some people believed should be censored. In fact, one of the reasons that this novel was censored for displaying the dangers of censorship, which is both extremely ironic, and telling as to where this society is going. Thanks to several distributors and oversensitive parents and teachers, Fahrenheit 451 has been banned in many schools overRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury954 Words   |  4 Pages In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, the author uses allegory (often misinterpreted by readers) to show the dangers of mass media consumption and the decline of reading traditional media. Many readers draw incorrect conclusions (le ssons learned) from the book due to how generally the book applies its theme. Government censorship, though an important topic, is not the intended focus of the novel Fahrenheit 451. Finally, Bradbury’s original message of the book shows the beauty of traditional media andRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1592 Words   |  7 PagesWhen writing the introduction to Fahrenheit 451, author Neil Gaiman stated that â€Å"ideas--written ideas--are special. They are the way we transmit our stories and our thoughts from one generation to the next. If we lose them, we lose our shared history†. Gaiman is absolutely correct; especially because what he is saying heavily applies to books. Books are a critical aspect in shaping humanity as a whole, they create and share a network of creative ideas, history, and overall entertainment; to loseRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury918 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Fahrenheit 451,† written by Ray Bradbury, is a futuristic, dy stopian novel based upon a society secluded by technology and ignorance. In this future society, books are outlawed and firemen are presented with the task of burning books that are found in people’s homes. Montag, a fireman, finds himself intrigued with the books, and begins to take them home and read them. As the story progresses, Montag learns the truth behind why books are outlawed and flees his city to join the last remnants of age-oldRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury847 Words   |  4 PagesSet Knowledge On Fire The book Fahrenheit 451 is a postmodern work by Ray Bradbury first published in 1951. In Bradbury’s story, all books are illegal and are subject to be burned by firemen. Furthermore, the two predominant themes of Fahrenheit 451 are censorship and ignorance. The censorship implemented over the years removes all information from society that is necessary to learn, which accomplishes to prevent people from questioning anything. The ignorance of society has been fostered and theRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1661 Words   |  7 Pages1.) In the novel, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Montag’s view on life reverses. Two characters the influence the main character Guy Montag are the old lady whose house and books were burnt down and Mildred. The old lady was caught preserving books in her home. Firemen including Montag were ordered to burn the books. The old lady refused to leave her books, so she too was burned. She bravely gave an allusion as her last words, â€Å"Play the man,’ she said, ‘Master Ridley.’ Something, somethingRead MoreFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury818 Words   |  4 PagesFAHRENHEIT 451 BY RAY BRADBURY Important People in Montag’s Life In Partical Fulfillment Of English 2 Ms Irina Abramov By Helen Hernandez November 9, 2012 â€Å"There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is not reading them† -Ray Bradbury. In the past there were events that affected book writers. People will get together to burn books because they thought it was inappropriate or they were against their literature. Montag is a fireman in a futuristic society who would startRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury863 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel, Fahrenheit 451 was written by Ray Bradbury and it took place in the dystopian future. Throughout each novel, we are able to see a major theme, which is censorship. In this essay, I will explain how this theme are explored in the story by using the literary devices. To begin with, in this novel, censorship is not given a straight description, but we can see how the author shows it through many literary elements, such as using the setting, tone and symbolisms even foreshadowing. This novelRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1544 Words   |  7 PagesRay Bradbury, the author of Fahrenheit 451, expresses his perspective on life in an interview. His interview contains a common theme: Do what you love, and love what you do (Bradbury). Bradbury sends a message in his interview that people should love life, and live to the fullest because he believes life is a beautiful thing. Although Bradbury no longer can demonstrate his love for life his message still lives in the pages of Fahrenheit 451. The Government of the society in the novel has told their

Essay about Change and Conflict in A Dolls House by...

It sometimes takes a lifetime to change yourself, but changing in response to what other people want, without considering your own needs could be much more challenging. In a world without any flaws all people would be treated equally and with the same kind of respect. On the other hand, in the world we live in, almost all situations we find ourselves in have the potential to become a conflict. A Dolls House, a play by Henrik Ibsen, is an exceptional example of a conflict that exists as women are seen as possessions and not individuals by men. Ibsen uses the Christmas tree, macaroons, tarantella, and the doll’s house as symbols in A Doll’s House to express the flaws in a society that requires women to be the subservient and docile†¦show more content†¦From the beginning of A Doll’s House, the reader can view Nora’s desire for independence through the symbol of the macaroons. As an illustration, Ibsen notes in the stage directions in Act One, that N ora surreptitiously takes a packet of macaroons out of her pocket and eats one or two. When her husband, Torvald, gets home, Nora â€Å"Puts the bag of macaroons into her pocket and wipes her mouth† (Ibsen 4). Torvald has forbidden Nora eating macaroons because he thinks that her teeth will decay, rot and become unattractive to him. This shows that he thinks she is acting like a child, that she is not capable of making sound decisions and that she needs someone like him to show her what the correct behavior is. Furthermore in Act One, Nora asks Dr. Rank if he would like some macaroons. Dr. Rank replies with â€Å"What macaroons? I thought they were forbidden here.† Then Nora replies with â€Å"Yes but these are some Christine gave me.† After that Christine acts surprised and says â€Å"What I ــ†. (Ibsen 17) Nora is telling a lie when she explains to Dr. Rank that Christine gave the macaroons to her and she eats them even though shes not allowed to. This indicate s that Nora is disobedient to her husband and it foreshadows that she has a desire to break away from his hold on her and from the rules set by society. Thus, the demands set by men on women are recurring through the symbol of macaroons. Transition: EquallyShow MoreRelatedRights of Women in the Nineteenth Century and in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House1103 Words   |  5 PagesHenrik Ibsen, who was born in Norway but made his name internationally, was a painter as well as the one of most famous playwrights during the period of Realism. Ibsen’s plays are well-known by the themes of domestic and political issues and conflict in nineteenth century. Scholars call it â€Å"Ibsen’s problems play† (Henrik Ibsen, 650). In addition, in Ibsen’s plays, the general topics that are usually discussed are hypocrisy of the society, restriction of women, and the self-sacrifice. Under theRead MoreHerik Ibsen: Father of Modern Drama1459 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Shivany Condor Mrs. Besnard IB English HL2 21 November 2013 Henrik Ibsen as â€Å"The Father of Modern Drama† Henrik Ibsen has long been referred to as the Father of Modern Drama, and such title has rightly been given so. Mr. Ibsen was one of the pioneer theatre dramaturges that began the Modernism Movement, primarily known as the Realism Movement. Modernism/Realism was a revolutionary idea back in Ibsen s time. Many concepts of theater - including plots, dialogue, and characters – were renovatedRead MoreThe Role Of Women During The Canterbury Tales By William Shakespeare And A Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1028 Words   |  5 Pageswomen have been treated as the subordinate to men and have not been given a voice†(David Splawn, 2015). Works such as The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, Hamlet by William Shakespeare,The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe, and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. These works come from a wide variety of time periods, they range from the middle ages to the modern era, where the first was published around 900 years before the last.  While women make up approximately half of the population of theRead MoreA Feminist Literary Stance, Roles of Women in Henrik Ibsen’s Play A Doll’s House and George Eliot’s Novel Middlemarch1546 Words   |  7 PagesA feminist literary stance, roles of women in Henrik Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House George Eliot’s novel Middlemarch Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House and George Eliot’s Middlemarch are based on events from their personal experiences. The events that lead Ibsen to feel the need to write A Doll’s House makes his approach on the feminist stance a bit more unusual from other writers. Ibsen shows his realist style through modern views and tones that are acted out by the characters in this infamousRead More Essay on Lies and Self-realization in A Dolls House1162 Words   |  5 PagesSelf-realization in A Dolls House    In Ibsens play,   A Dolls House,   the characters willingly exist in a situation of untruth or inadequate truth that conceals conflict.   Noras independent nature is in contradiction to the tyrannical authority of Torvald.   This conflict is concealed by the way they both hide their true selves from society, each other, and ultimately themselves.   Just like Nora and Torvald, every character in this play is trapped in a situation of untruth. A Dolls House, can beRead More A Dolls House: A Push To Freedom Essay examples1371 Words   |  6 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sometime after the publication of quot;A Dolls Housequot;, Henrik Ibsen spoke at a meeting of the Norwegian Association for Womens Rights. He explained to the group, quot;I must decline the honor of being said to have worked for the Womens Rights movement. I am not even very sure what Womens Rights are. To me it has been a question of human rightsquot; ( ). quot;A Dolls Housequot; is often interpreted by readers, teachers, and critics alike as an attackRead MoreWomen s Liberty Through Literature1105 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Mrs. Johnson  The role of women in society has been well documented through world literature. Works such as The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, Hamlet by William Shakespeare,The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe, and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. These works come from a wide variety of time periods, they range from the middle ages to the modern era, where the first was published around 900 years before the last.  Women make up approximately half of the population of the worldRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1290 Words   |  6 PagesA Doll’s House The timeless writing A Doll’s House, by Henrik Ibsen is a controversial Realist Drama that provides a raw insight on how the equality of gender roles for women during the late 1800s was impacted by Women’s Rights Movement’s and women’s desire to break the stereotypes. A Doll’s House is a play that serves as a window allowing the audience to witness the artificial mold of this society’s expectations being broken by a female character. Set in a time where women were not quite liberalRead MoreA Doll’S House. By Henrik Ibsen. 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Henrik Ibsen’s use of symbolism such as the Christmas tree, the locked mailbox, the Tarantell a, Dr. Rank’s calling cards, and the letters allows him to give a powerful portrayal to symbolize aspects of characters and

Appearence Vs Reality in Hamlet Essay Example For Students

Appearence Vs Reality in Hamlet Essay Hamlet one of Shakespeares greatest plays, where the young prince of Denmark must uncover the truth about his fathers death. Hamlet a play that tells the story of a young prince whos father recently died. Hamlets uncle Claudius marries his mother the queen and takes the throne. As the play is told Hamlet finds out his father was murdered by the recently crowned king. The theme that remains constant throughout the play is appearance versus reality. Things within the play appear to be true and honest but in reality are infested with evil. Many of the characters within the play hide behind a mask of falseness. Four of the main characters that hid behind this mask are Polonius, Rosencrantz (Guildenstern), the king Cluadius. From behind this mask they give the impression of a person who is sincere and genuine, in reality they are plagued with lies and evil. There appearance will make it very difficult for Hamlet to uncover the truth, the characters hide behind. Polonius the kings royal as sistant has a preoccupation with appearance. He always wants to keep up the appearance of loving and caring person. Polonius appears like a man who loves and cares about his son, Laertes. Polonius speaks to his son with advice that sounds sincere but in reality it is rehearsed, hollow and without feeling. Polonius gives his advice only to appear to be the loving caring father. The reality is he only speaks to appear sincere as a politician, to look good rather then actually be good: And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry. This above all: to thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man. Farewell; my blessing season this in thee! Act 1Polonius gives his son Laertes his blessing to go away, he sends a spy to follow him and keep an eye on him. This shows his lack of trust for anyone, he gives the appearance of a confident father who trusts his son to go off on his own. In reality he lies about his trust for his son by sendi ng a spy to watch him. His advice he gives his son is rehearsed and only said to give the appearance of a loving father. Polonius further adds to the theme appearance verses reality by ordering Ophelia to stop seeing Hamlet. He lies to her telling her that Hamlet does not love her, he only lusts for her, in truth he does love her: Ay, springes to catch woodcocks. I do know, When the blood burns , how prodigal the soul Through the play Polonius hids behind his mask appearing to be honest loving parent. In reality Polonius lies, manipulates people and eavesdrops on peoples conversation. Polonius helps contribute to the theme appearance verses reality by showing how his appearance is not his true nature, behind the mask there lies someone totally different. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are two of Hamlets childhood friends who when asked by the king, try to find out what is troubling the young prince. Both help to contribute to the theme by showing there appearance of being Hamlets friends. The pair go to Hamlet pretending to be his friends when in truth they are only there because the king asked them to find the truth. There is some irony within the twins, they are asked by the king to find out the truth by hiding within a lie, by pretending to be his friend: A dream is but a shadow Act II. Hamlet knows there purpose for their visit is to dig into his soul to find the real reason for his actions as of late. As the play continues the twins are asked again by the king to go to Hamlet and try again to find the real reason for Hamlets behavior. Hamlet insults them at every chance knowing they are lying to him about there purpose of the visit: Tis as easy as lying; govern these ventages with you finger and thumb, give it breath with your mouthAct III As the melodrama continues Hamlet goes with the twins to reclaim money that another state owes Denmark. Hamlet is sent by the king to retrieve the assets. In actuality Hamlet is sent off to wither because the king, Claudius knows that Hamlet knows too much and must be killed. The twins show there appearance of being Hamlets friends but in truth they have a hidden reason for visiting with Hamlet. Both show that it will be very difficult for Hamlet to uncover the fidelity hidden within the lies. .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 , .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .postImageUrl , .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 , .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318:hover , .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318:visited , .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318:active { border:0!important; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318:active , .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318 .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u964e41df02b0fe7d0d63e35eb0fff318:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Adult PTSD EssayClaudius the king of Denmark conduct in council gives him the appearance of an Honest and honorable man. In Act one scene two Claudius in the presence of council shows his true skill and ease of manner at speaking. Claudius speaks well of the spent king by showing a general love for him by all his subjects. Claudius show respect for the old sovereign by speaking kind words of him. In reality he cares little for the old king, he speaks kindly only to give the appearance of loving brother. Though yet of Hamlet our dear brothers death The memory be green, and that it us befitted To bear our hearts in grief, and our whole kingdom To be contracted in one brow of woe Act I As Claudius sends Voltimand and Cornelius off to give the king of Norway the message of Fortibras, he thanks and gives them complete trust, in the deliverance of the notation. This shows his trust and caring for his subjects in front of the council, wining even more consent from the council: We doubt it nothing: heartily farewell. Act I Claudius increases his appearance of a honest and honorable man, in front of the council by showing his respect for Polonius. He gives him the power to let his son Laertes stay or leave for Norway. Claudius speaks highly of Polonius giving him thanks and saying the he was responsible for Claudius becoming king: The head is not more native to the heart, The hand more instrumental to the mouth, Than is the throne of Denmark to thy father. What woudlst thou have, Laertes(Act I ii, 47-50) This council would see this as a man who greatly respects his subjects and cares for them. This adds to the difficulty of uncovering the truth for Hamlet lat er. Hamlet enters the council chamber and speaks with Claudius. The king (Claudius) speaks with Hamlet seeming to be concerned with Hamlet. He gives advice that over grieveing is not healthy, this shows a concern for Hamlets well being. This conduct of Claudius gives him the appearance of being kind in front of council that accepts him even more for his family values: How is it that the clouds still hang on you? Act I Claudius appears to be even more caring when insulted by Hamlet he still shows love and general care for Hamlet. A normal king would have become angry and Hamlet would have gotten into trouble. Claudius shows the council that he is understanding of Hamlets grief over his father: A little more than kin, and less than kind. Act I . Claudius gives Hamlet advice that over grieveing can be harmful and not healthy. Claudius tells Hamlet that he is a admirable person for grieveing for so long over his dads death. Yet again Claudius keeps putting on the appearance of the honor able man. Tis sweet and commendable in your nature, Hamlet, To give these mourning duties to your father: But, you must know, you father lost a father; That father lost, lost his; and the survivor bound In filial obligation for some term To do obsequious sorrow; but to persever In obstinate condolement is a course Act I Claudius further makes it difficult to uncover the truth by announcing that Hamlet is next in line for the throne of Denmark. This shows that Claudius would let Hamlet become the next king when he is gone. This reveals a love and care for Hamlet to the council and Gertrude making Claudius appear to be kind, loving person: You are the most immediate to our throne; And with no less nobility of love Act I Claudius final conduct that makes him a difficult truth to uncover, is his care and want that Hamlet remain in Denmark. Claudius is insulted by Hamlet, he asks Hamlet to stay only that his queen Gertrude wants Hamlet to stay. Claudius appears to be concerned with Hamlets well bei ng, Gertrude and council see this ,making Claudius a more deserving person to be king. .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 , .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .postImageUrl , .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 , .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115:hover , .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115:visited , .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115:active { border:0!important; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115:active , .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115 .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u72353d207fb5c83dbeedb1d5dec7a115:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 12 Angry Men: Influence of Surroundings EssayAs Claudius speaks in council he gives the appearance of someone who is a deserving person that should be king. Claudius is voted in as king meaning he is already approved by everyone. Claudius gives respect to his subjects giving the council the impression that he respects them. The king shows general concern for Hamlet, his nephew. This will make it very difficult to prove the truth about Claudius in the future for he has not only, one the love and respect of council (that voted him in). But also has prevented a attack on Denmark (from Fortinbras) proving that he is good king that can protect the state from harm. Claudius make s it very difficult for Hamlet to uncover the truth about the true nature of Claudius in the future. Through the characters within the play all help to show the theme, that being appearance verses reality. Polonius, Rosencrantz (Guildenstern) and the king all appear to be good and honest. As Hamlet finds out, all contain lies and have hidden intentions within them. As each character is presented in the play all appear to be good and honest making it a difficult task for Hamlet to uncover the hidden truth about the nature of each character. As Hamlet best said it somethings is rotten in Denmark That being the lies which have replaced or covered the true state of each character. Bibliography:

Questions for Antebellum Reform Essay Example For Students

Questions for Antebellum Reform Essay Brinkley Textbook(Pages 320-326) 1. How was the work of James Fennimore Cooper the culmination of aneffort to produce a truly American literature? What did his worksuggest about the nation and its people? 2. Why was Whitman called the poet of American democracy? 3. Who were the transcendentalists? What was their philosophy and howdid they express it in literature? 4. How did the transcendentalists attempt to apply their beliefs to theproblems of everyday life at Brook Farm? What was the result? 5. What other utopian schemes were put forth during this period? How didthey propose to reorder society to create a better way of life? 6. How did the utopian communities attempt to redefine the gender roles?Which communities were most active in their effort and what did theyaccomplish? 7. Who were the Mormons? What were their origins, what did they believe,and why did they end up in Utah?(Pages 326-334) 1. What gave rise to the crusade against drunkenness? What successes andfailures resulted from this movement efforts? 2. How did the efforts to produce a system of universal public educationreflect the spirit of the age? 3. How did the rise of feminism reflect not only the participation ofwomen in social crusades, but also a basic change in the nature of thefamily? 4. How did feminists benefit from their association with other reformmovements, most notably the abolitionists and at the same time sufferas a result?(Pages 334-341) 1. What was the anti-slavery position of William Lloyd Garrison? How didhe transform abolitionism into a new and dramatically differentphenomenon? 2. What role did black abolitionists play in the movement? How did theirphilosophy compare with that of Garrison? 3. Why did many Northern whites oppose abolition? How did they show thisopposition? 4. What divisions existed within the abolitionist movement itself? 5. How did abolitionists attempt to arouse widespread public anger overslavery through the use of propaganda? What was the most significantwork to emerge from this effort? Why did it have such an impact?VocabularyAntebellum PeriodTemperance2nd Great AwakeningWCTURevivalismDorthea DixMillennialismThomas GallaudetMormonsHorace MannJoseph SmithMcGuffey ReadersTranscendentalistsSarah GrimkeRalph EmersonLucretia MottHenry David ThoreauElizabeth Cady StantonOn Civil Disobedience Susan B. AnthonyBrook FarmSeneca Falls ConventionUtopian SocietiesAmerican Colonization SocietyShakersAbolitionNew HarmonyWilliam Lloyd GarrisonOneidaThe LiberatorHudson River School of Art Gradual v. Immediate EmancipationWashington IrvingFrederick DouglassJames Fennimore CooperHarriet TubmanNathaniel HawthorneSojourner TruthSylvester GrahamAmelia BloomerBurned Over District PhrenologyCircuit Riders Walt Whitman

Problem Solving Process in Mathematics

Problem solving is the practice of working through the â€Å"facts† of a problem or situation to get a solution. Problem solving entails the systematic use of â€Å"operations† to measure thinking abilities and skills. Problem solving practices help children to develop cognitive skills.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Problem Solving Process in Mathematics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Polya’s model offers four principles for solving different mathematical problems. The first principle is to â€Å"understand the problem†. At this stage, the learner thinks of the best â€Å"strategy† to find a solution. The second principle is â€Å"devising a conceptual plan†. The stage helps learners to consider the best strategies to get a solution. The third stage is â€Å"carrying out the plan†. This stage entails using the selected plan or choosing a better strategy. The fo urth principle is â€Å"looking back†. At this stage, the learner examines what he or she has done to obtain the â€Å"solution†. Problem solving in mathematics is vital because it helps learners develop high-order thinking and analytical skills. The learners also become critical thinkers and address the problems encountered in life. Learners use various strategies to solve mathematical problems. The first one is â€Å"model drawing†. The strategy involves the use of visual effects. For example, learners required to add 5 to 2 would draw 5 and 2 cars to get 7. The other strategy is â€Å"drawing a picture†. A learner can draw pictures when adding numbers. For example, a child can draw three and two pens to get five. The third strategy is â€Å"making a systematic list†. Systematic â€Å"lists† can help learners memorize numerical numbers. For example, a child expected to write numbers 1 to 10 could make a systematic list of items from one to ten. The fourth strategy is â€Å"working backwards† as explained in this example. Jimmy spent five dollars to remain with five dollars. How many dollars did he have in total? The child will work from $5 and add 5 to get $10.Advertising Looking for essay on math statistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Learner in different grades will use these strategies differently. The first strategy is â€Å"drawing a picture†. A second grade science learner can use the method to solve mathematical problems as follows: A carpenter makes four pieces from a wood. How many cuts does she make? The learner will draw a piece of wood and divide it into four pieces. The child will get three â€Å"cuts†. A sixth grade learner can use the strategy as follows: In a party, there were three couples. Every person shook each one’s hand once. What was the total number of handshakes? The learner will draw letters to represe nt the couples and handshakes made. The second strategy is â€Å"working backwards† as presented below. A child had saved some money. His father gave him 10 dollars. He spent 13 dollars to remain with 7 dollars. How much had he saved? From this problem, the learner will begin with 7 dollars. The next thing is to add 13 to get 20. The learner will then subtract the $10 obtained from the father to get 10 dollars. A sixth grade learner can work backwards to solve the problem below. Agnes, Ann, and Angel had some coins. Agnes gave Ann 12 coins. Ann gave Angel 10 coins while Angel gave Agnes 4 coins. They all had 20 coins. What is the number of everyone’s coins at the beginning? The learner can work backwards from 20 coins to get the answer. In conclusion, teachers should incorporate problem-solving activities into instruction because they help sharpen the learners’ skills and competencies. The methods can also make the learning process easier. The learners can use t hese strategies to achieve mastery and proficiency in mathematics problem solving. These general heuristics for problem solving are important because they can help people become critical thinkers. Such activities can help learners develop the best interactional and decision-making skills. They also provide skills for dealing with challenges in life. This essay on Problem Solving Process in Mathematics was written and submitted by user Jazmin Lott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay Preparation Tips For the Medusa and the Snail Sample AP Exam

Essay Preparation Tips For the Medusa and the Snail Sample AP ExamThe Medusa and the Snail sample AP Exam are divided into two parts. Part I involves a variety of sentence structures that use active voice and subordinate clauses in the past tense. Part II is the control portion that will test your comprehension of the material.In Part I, you will be given four short passages of the exact same length to read, but using different verbs and tenses. Each passage will have a similar purpose: to demonstrate the various uses of active voice and subordinate clauses in the past tense. There are very few instances where past tense is used throughout the entire essay.Your assignment will also be different for each essay. In some cases, you will be told what you need to do by the instructor or will receive a review sheet. For others, you will be asked to come up with an answer yourself.In order to be prepared for this type of essay, you should first know how the essays will be graded. Each essay will have its own points system, but they all look at your level of understanding of the topic. The higher your level of understanding, the more points you will get. The points system is determined by the professor and your teacher can give you more detailed instructions about it.The instructions that you will be given by your instructor, especially for the Medusa and the Snail sample AP essay, will give you a rough idea of what to expect. Many students have trouble with this part of the exam, especially if they have taken a test before that they feel was easier than the one you are currently taking. The majority of the essays, including the Medusa and the Snail sample, will be quite long, so you should be able to follow the directions and get through them without any problems.During the essays, you will be asked to perform multiple tasks. To start, you will be asked to complete a short survey that contains two questions, one about your level of understanding of the essay, and one about your opinion on it. You will then be asked to write a short paragraph summarizing the information you learned in the essay, as well as explaining why you think it is important.You will also be asked to consider four paragraphs which contain statements such as 'This topic is an important one,' 'This topic is important for everyone to understand,' and 'All students should learn about this topic.' Each paragraph should have a short statement related to the topic. You will be asked to provide support for each statement in your essay.You should plan to work hard during the Medusa and the Snail sample AP essay, as these kinds of tests will require a lot of mental acuity and planning. Remember that the information is not going to magically appear on the page for you to memorize, so you will need to come up with a way to represent it. Be sure to set aside plenty of time for the essay and practice making sense of the information that you learn during the essay.

The script of the Crucible Essays

The script of the Crucible Essays The script of the Crucible Paper The script of the Crucible Paper In The Crucible there are many highly dramatic scenes where Miller creates a great deal of tension and emotion in the audience. Imagine you are directing a production of The Crucible. Describe how you would stage these scenes and how you would build up tension and emotion in your audience. The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, was written in America in the 1950s. It depicts an eye-opening analogy between the Salem witch-hunt in 1692 and the McCarthy communist trials in 1950s America. In fact, Miller used some of the exact recorded speech from the McCarthy trials in the script of The Crucible. While watching The Crucible the audience should remember that the people of Salem were devotedly puritan, and so anything that contradicted the commandments, or any part of the Bible would be heavily frowned upon. And so, within the context of the play, could be turned in to signs of witchcraft by people manipulating the truth. At the end of Act III Elizabeth denies that Proctor has had an affair after Proctor has admitted to it. If she tells the truth it would have cast strong doubts across Abigails accusations. Afterwards Hale- perhaps too late- tells the court he believes Proctor. Abigail, showing her ruthless resourcefulness again, pretends Mary is sending her spirit on her. Danforth believes her. Mary, due to the pressure from Danforth, the threat of death, and the girls hysteria accuses Proctor of witchcraft and returns to Abigail. Proctor and Giles are arrested at the end of the act. When Elizabeth is called in to the court I think she should be led in from the back of the auditorium, which will build up suspense and tension in the audience. I would group the girls on stage left, with Abigail slightly nearer the centre and facing back. The girls should stare wide-eyed at Elizabeth. Proctor should stand the mirrored position of Abigail, again facing back. Hale should be close to him, but further right, looking nervously, but slightly expectantly, at Elizabeth. This should show the audience how the pressure has all been shifted to Elizabeth. Danforth should stand down centre facing out, and when Elizabeth reaches the stage she should stand close in front of him facing towards him. This should create a dramatic triangle between Elizabeth, Proctor, and Abigail. This should symbolise Elizabeths dilemma. Whether to denounce Abigail and keep to her Christian convictions, or to save Johns name from shame. Elizabeth is called in to confirm Proctors claim that he and Abigail had an Affair. Proctor is certain she will tell the truth, as she never lies. He says that in her life she have never lied. This should create suspense in the audience, as they can sense Elizabeths dilemma, but know what John expects her to do. This is one of the points in the scene where one of the characters could have changed to outcome of the play. When Elizabeth denies her husband is a lecher replying timidly to Danforths ferocity No, sir I would have the whole court freeze except Elizabeth and a spotlight on her when she says the line No, sir, then instantly the lights should come back up, and the action continue. This should again build up huge tension in the audience in the wait for Elizabeths decision. When it comes the will be very taken aback, but will not be given time to recover as the action will continue quickly. The speed of Danforths reaction seems to suggest that this was the answer he wanted, as it is quick and dismissive of the appeals. This is shown as he immediately orders the Marshal to Remove her. This I think is because if she had not denied the affair it would have also left serious questions about Danforths skills of judgement. Hale then tells the court that he believe s Proctor and tells the court he has always struck me true. I think the audience would be thinking this has come too late. To emphasise this Danforth should ignore him, walking back to his bench, not even turning to say, she spoke nothing of lechery, and this man has lied. During this I would make Proctor place his head in his hands, and the girls passing very discreet smirks between one another. When Hale says [pointing at Abigail] This girl has always struck me false. She has- and Abigail cuts him off. Here we again see how Abigail uses her position of power in the court. She suddenly cuts in about the yellow bird saying You will not! Begone! Begone, I say! this suddenly draws attention away from the people who are doubting her.

International marketing-country of origin, foreign and domestic Essay

International marketing-country of origin, foreign and domestic consumer predispositions - Essay Example The study will highlight varied internationalization, country of origin and consumer disposition effect related to the marketing plan of Grazia, a leading Italian fashion brand. Finally, the study would also highlight the impact of country of origin and brand positioning effect of apparels produced by leading Italian fashion companies. Country of Origin Effect The country of origin effect would constitute of differences between internationalization and international control strategies that can be due to varied national origins rather than the variations in the marketing environment (Harzing and Noorderhaven, 2000).The differences in the market dynamics and the cultural differences is a contributing factor for the increase in the country of origin effects. The national culture and the upbringing of the customers play an important role in determining the purchasing behaviour (Costa, Krutulyte and Grunert, 2006). In this context, the management of Grazia would try to assess the fashion requirements of the European common people and manufacture stylish and comfortable dresses as per customer preferences. Firstly, it has been noticed that the European people prefer Italian brands over the international brands (Greta and Lewandowski, 2013). The position of Grazia is quite strong in the European apparel industry and hence, the management will utilize this opportunity effectively to retain its marketing position strongly. The management of Grazia will try to create a unique marketing plan, which will also helps in attracting potential investors for the company. The most common trend among the European people is to understand and wear clothes of latest fashion. The company will try its utter best to manufacture comfortable and fashionable clothes at affordable prices to cater to the needs of the European customers. The varied clothing line will also be available in small retail stores throughout the European region. Apparels are regarded as one of the basic fashion nece ssity for European customers. The clothing line manufactured by Grazia is regarded as one of the most coveted fashion products in the entire Italian region (Tronconi, 2012). Much is contributed to the effective marketing strategies and the country of origin effect of the apparel industry. Domestic & Consumer Predisposition Consumer disposition or brand positioning will help the company to attain its market position by accomplishment of goals and objectives. Consumer disposition occurs highly with the high involvement of varied range of goods and services. This would lead to frequent purchase of apparels and also to the positive brand positioning of Grazia. This would also include strong advertising effectiveness, which will be measured by the consumers purchase intentions and impact attitude. The main objective of the brand positioning plans of Grazia would be as follows: To create awareness among the potential consumers who do not have the slightest hint about the varied types of c lothing line manufactured by Grazia To create preferences among the undecided Provide reinforcement among the positive predisposed Conversion of negatively predisposed items into positive items The main objective of Grazia would be to create a niche in the Italian apparel industry and also increase its profitability. In this context, one of the main objectives of Grazia would be to manufacture clothing line from high quality Italian yarn and sell these at an

Clinical quality and patient safety Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Clinical quality and patient safety - Assignment Example e leading cause of the occurrence and development of the hospital-acquired infections is the medical practitioners becoming complacent and fail to practice the correct hygiene regularly (Mayhall, 2004). As a nurse practitioner, I would develop a rule that will enhance all practitioners take hygiene seriously. For the rule to be well implemented and to work out comprehensively, I would allocate every section to a practitioner who will be accountable for the hygiene of that section. Any infection that will be occurring in ones’ section due to a preventable cause, the practitioner in charge will bear the cost of treating the infected casualties and also pay a fine. By so doing, all the medical practitioners in that facility will be vigilant of any form of a condition likely to favor the development of hospital-acquired infections. No individual nurse or practitioner will accept to bear the cross of something preventable (Mayhall, 2012). This means that everyone will do his or her best to ensure that the section allocated to him or she is infection free. This will in turn lead to the safety of patients as well as acquiring a clean environment for all the occupants of the

History of the Catholic Church on the Death Penalty Research Paper

History of the Catholic Church on the Death Penalty - Research Paper Example It is obvious that many within the Catholic church are against the death penalty. But the church as of today has not taken any official stance. History of the Catholic Church on the death penalty Introduction From the beginning there has been a battle within the Catholic Church on whether the Church should support the use of capital punishment or not. In the Catechism of the Catholic Church, it seems clear that the church's response should be to support the use of capital punishment, as long as it is done justly and all efforts are made to guarantee that an innocent man or woman is not put to death. Recently, popes and some of the bishops in the United States, have started to campaign against the use of the death penalty. It seems clear that these individuals are not denying the compatibility of capital punishment with Catholic teaching, but instead have just begun to argue against its use for a variety of personal reasons. This paper looks at the history of the Catholic Church on th e death penalty and notes how it has changed over time. Early History The first real testimony against the use of the death penalty can be found in the Montanist works of Tertullian. Tertullian writing sometime between 197 and 207 composed ‘De Idololatria’. In this, Tertullian states in chapter seventeen that even if the servant of God appeals to the power of the state, he should not pronounce capital sentences. Following up on Tertullian, Lactantius writing about 305 to 323, wrote Divinae Institutiones. In this Lactantius states that when God prohibited murder, this also refers to the men who administer the death penalty (Bockle & Pohier 46). Lantantius's position was clear: a man could not even charge or be charged with a capital offense. After Tertullian and Lantantius others began to write on the subject. Felix in his work ‘Octavius V’, written around 225, states that it is wrong for the church to assist in the killing of man, or even to listen to an ac count of it. In the Canons of Hippolytus II, 16, Hippolytus in a more ancient Egyptian tradition states that whoever holds the power of the sword, and the judge who proceeds over capital cases, should renounce their office or be excluded from the catechism (Bockle & Pohier 47). In the same vein, The Council of Elvira in 305 ordered that all the duumvirate magistrates should not enter a church during their years of office, even though they were not required to pronounce capital sentences (Bockle & Pohier 47). The church had a problem here as to how it could support the right of the state to execute the hardened criminal, but deny to those who enforce the law the rights and privileges of the church. Ambrose, a former imperial officer, saw this and in or about the year 385 wrote to the Magistrate Studius about just this issue. In this letter Ambrose stated that ‘Romans 13’ recognizes the state's power to take life, but he also goes on to say that we should imitate Christ i n his forgiveness of the adulteress. In Ambrose's mind he could not find a solution to the church's dilemma. Augustine was to follow Ambrose in his writings in his ‘De Libero Arbitrio’. In this Augustine stated that the death penalty is a commandment of God. However Augustine was to go on to say in the ‘

After the Others by Bruce Weigl :: Book Reviews Poetry Essays

After the Others by Bruce Weigl With a new century approaching, Bruce Weigl's twelfth collection of poetry, After the Others, calls us to stand on the millennium's indeterminate edge. This book, opening with the last four lines of Milton's "Paradise Lost," parallels our departure from this century with Adam's fearful exit from Eden, beyond which is "all abyss, / Eternity, whose end no eye can reach" ("Paradise Lost"). Weigl posits that we stand at the century's uncertain gate naked, cold, and greedy; he refers often to a looming future, to give our collapsing present more urgency. We've forgotten, he says, how to love and live simply, how to write honestly and well. With all this forgetting, we've also forgotten that God gave Adam and Eve a chance to recreate a world mirroring the beauty and goodness of the lost one. Yet, as their heirs, we've constructed an earth where "we live inside a history that no longer remembers us." Weigl wonders if we reinvent history to give ourselves identity, rendering ourselves powerless because we're unconscious of our present. He examines human suffering, hedonism, and desire, wondering if we can re-learn how to love, be loved, and forgive. As a mature poet working at the height of his craft, Weigl writes that we must weed out "the snare of the devil in our hearts" to pass through the visible end of the twentieth century bravely, with grace. After the Others returns to themes of previous books. In Sweet Lorain (1996), forties America is depicted through life in charred, industrial Ohio, and in What Saves Us (1992) the speaker relies on religious epiphanies to rescue him from what he'll regret. Weigl's conversational language, as in previous books, comes unadorned: I didn't know what I didn't know. I didn't want a life of anything then, only a life. Weigl's line and stanzas vary: he uses couplets, tercets and quatrains, as well as undivided lines. He relies on internal and slant rhyme, but occasionally writes infelicitous lines: "She sang out loud about a cloud." His tone is generally ironic, as in "Cult of the Car": "somebody wanted a blow job / on a gorgeous freeway in America" but "it doesn't matter who / this near the millennium.

Effects of Globalization on Small Enterprises Essay

The business world has witnessed a transformation in past years. Technological innovations, cultural progress, and connectivity have all influenced the habits and customs of businesses all across the world. Globalization has been behind this change, fuelling the revolution and shaping the businesses and society of today. Globalization is defined as â€Å"the process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology.† This process has had effects on culture, society, business, consumer habits, and more. Globalization has also had notable effects on small businesses and economists anticipate more effects to come. Globalization is a phenomenon that has been present for many years and has a long history. It really began to take effect after World War 2; this is described as the resurgence of globalization. Certain agreements have driven globalization, notably the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which was signed in 1994 creating a trilateral trade bloc. Since, globalization has become rampant and has greatly influenced trade, competition, and small businesses. Globalization’s impact on small businesses has been both negative and positive. This impact can be seen on the macroeconomic level and affects gross domestic product greatly, as small businesses contribute largely to GDP. However, globalization has created multinational corporations with untold power – which has received a plethora of criticism and accusations of corruption and bribery leading to a significant disadvantage for small businesses. However, these days, globalization has made it possible for small enterprises to finally outsource certain tasks, thereby increasing productivity, lowering prices, and becoming more competitive against their contenders. Ultimately, each country has unique issues when it comes to market globalization and must adopt varied measures to combat these difficulties. Economists are able to project trends using different variables to understand what will come in the future and act accordingly. Globalization has provided solutions to certain problems small businesses faced while introducing new problems in their wake. Effects on the Macroeconomic Level Globalization’s impact can be felt on the macroeconomic level. The development of integrated economies creates changes on the aggregate economy of countries which affects a multitude of phenomena ranging from unemployment to price levels. These changes have an especially impactful effect on small businesses as multinational corporations pose threatening competitors and are able to offer lower prices. Conversely, globalization has also provided larger markets with untapped potential. The advantages and disadvantages posed by globalization upon small businesses each have negative and positive consequences and shape business and trade today. Globalization breaks down barriers and encourages trade among different countries. This, in turn, provides many new potential customers, suppliers, and partners – each with different needs to be met. The increased possibilities can be useful for small businesses to gain new customers and create brand loyalty. However, globalization can also go awry for small businesses. With expansion and rampant trade as the status quo, multinational corporations can infiltrate different countries and eradicate small, local businesses that had once dominated the area. A concrete example of this is the effect Walmart often has on their locales. Ana Kasparian, co-host of the talk show, The Young Turks, asserted, â€Å"If you bring in a Walmart†¦ those local businesses are gone.† For instance, after a Walmart opened in Chicago, 82 small businesses in the area closed within two years. Joe Persky, an economics professor at the University of Illinois Chicago, illustrated the occurrence saying, â€Å"No matter which direction you go from Walmart, there’s a very high rate of business closures in the immediate vicinity, and the further away you get there’s less and less.† Multinational corporations, with brand names that are recognized world-wide, become more popular than intimate, local businesses. In this way, globalization can replace small businesses and have a dangerous effect on the security of small business owners. The creation of international markets can be attributed to today’s globalized economies and small businesses benefit greatly. Industry Canada reported that in 2002, 84% of exporters were small businesses. This is especially beneficial as technological innovations and increased connectivity have allowed countries to manufacture more goods and services than they can consume and exportation provides a new market for increased consumption of these goods and services. Open trade also allows for countries to specialize in the domains in which they have what economists refer to as â€Å"comparative advantage.† When countries specialize in the fields which pose the lowest opportunity cost, this increases productivity and minimizes loss, which creates efficiency and synergy for all parties. Globalization allows for small businesses to export. In the past, importing and exporting was only a possibility for large corporations as they could absorb the cost. Now, globalization has become accessible – even to small businesses – which allows them to compete on the international scale. Consequently, small businesses are able to focus in the areas where they thrive, producing goods and services efficiently, and positively contributing to their country’s gross domestic product and overall productivity; increased productivity is an indicator of a superior quality of life. The negative effects of globalization are often felt most intensely in developing countries. The opening of borders increases emigration from developing countries and it is often the country’s most productive, educated, and innovative members of the population who leave the country to explore opportunities elsewhere. This phenomenon is described by economists as the â€Å"Brain Drain† and can strip a developing country of the most talented members of their labour force, throwing them into an even larger disadvantage compared to developed countries. This migration means that small businesses have less human resources to choose from, rendering them less productive. Corporate Money in Politics Globalization has created multinational corporations with power in various countries and enormous wealth. This wealth gives these multinational corporations advantages that many argue are unfair. Corporate money in politics is a topic of wide discussion in the present economic circumstances. In 2010, the court ruled in the case of Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission that money is â€Å"political speech.† This ruling allowed for corporations to provide unlimited donations to political campaigns. Since, many have protested the influence corporate money has on political decisions, saying that corporations donate to politicians to get certain benefits – a term coined as â€Å"legalized bribery.† This bribery was revealed in a New York Times investigation which found that a Walmart built in Mexico in 2004 bypassed certain zoning regulations which prohibited any building near ancient pyramids. The report announced, â€Å"Walmart was a corrupter offering large pay-offs to get what the law otherwise prohibited†¦ It used bribes to subvert democratic governance – public votes, open debates, transparent procedures. It used bribes to circumvent regulatory safeguards that protect Mexican citizens from unsafe construction.† The most powerful claim in the story was that Walmart used money to gain an advantage against fellow competitors: â€Å"It used bribes to outflank rivals.† Small businesses do not have the financial assets to compete with multinational corporations in terms of political donations. Since these donations often have significant consequences in political decisions, small businesses find themselves disadvantaged as they do not have the same financial or political power as multinational corporations. In this way, globalization has had a negative effect on small enterprises. The power disparity creates an uneven footing for small businesses and forces them to remain in the shadows of large, multinational corporations. Investments Investment is defined as â€Å"the conversion of money into some form of property from which an income or profit is expected to be derived.† Globalization has also impacted investments greatly in past years. Since the world has become more connected, individuals and corporations have begun allocating their resources to foreign investments at a rapid pace. Foreign direct investments (FDI) are defined as â€Å"flows of money into a country that purchase a lasting stake in an enterprise for a foreign investor.† Now, many people hold shares or investments in companies originating in countries other than their own. These investments are significant as they affect the gross domestic product of countries. Additionally, the manifestation of foreign direct investments is especially important to small businesses as they do not thrive in this field. Individuals and corporations are more willing to invest in multinational corporations with long histories, reputable names, and monetary excess. Small businesses, which are less known, are less likely to receive assets in the form of investments as people view this type of investment as risky since they do not feel they know as much about the company and the future profitability of their investment. This largely contributes to the low survival rates of small businesses. Industry Canada’s findings reveal that only 51% of small businesses survive beyond five years. Contrarily, multinational corporations have much longer life spans. For instance, Coca Cola was founded in 1886 and continues to be a household name and an extremely profitable enterprise. The lack of foreign or domestic investments in small businesses is hugely disadvantageous to small businesses in the global market and international economy. This is a domain in which small businesses are still far less developed than large, multinational corporations. Outsourcing and Pricing In the past, outsourcing, a means to reduce costs by allocating certain tasks to outside suppliers rather than completing the tasks within the company itself, was reserved for big corporations as it was extremely expensive and small businesses did not have the financial assets to take on such a task. This meant that large corporations could greatly reduce their costs of production, hence reducing the price of the good or service and rendering themselves more competitive and even more favoured by consumers over small businesses. These days, that is not the case. Technology has transformed and progressed enormously in recent years. This has allowed small businesses to outsource jobs in a cost-effective manner, which reduces their costs, increases their productivity, and renders them more competitive. Now, outsourcing is a real possibility for small businesses. Outsourcing is often international; globalisation has hence played an important role in this phenomenon. â€Å"More small businesses are outsourcing tasks these days because technology has advanced to the point of professionals being able to work from anywhere in the world, coupled with the availability and accessibility of extremely qualified professionals who have decided or been forced to leave the corporate world,† Laura Lee Sparks, owner of Legal Marketing Maven, says. â€Å"These freelancers come on board as subcontractors and save the small business owner the burden of paying overhead associated with payroll taxes and expenses such as health insurance and worker’s compensation, as well as the space constrictions that growing a company in-house can present.† Small enterprises focus on outsourcing three major types of jobs. The first are jobs that require highly skilled, or executive, expertise. These jobs are outsourced to analysts outside of the company who can provide insight into the situation and give constructive feedback. The second type of job that is often outsourced by small businesses is highly repetitive tasks. Menial tasks are outsourced so that the workers of the enterprise can focus on strategic and tactical decisions and focus on the big picture of the company rather than bother themselves with unnecessary distractions. Lastly, small businesses often outsource jobs that require specialized knowledge. This outsourcing is increasingly important since globalisation has increased competition. In order to survive, and especially to thrive, businesses must find ways to produce goods and services in the most cost effective way possible. Consumers are always looking to buy the product for the lowest price and the highest quality possible. By outsourcing and reducing costs, small businesses have become attractive options for consumers looking to make a cost-effective purchase of goods or services. In this way, globalization has positively affected small businesses by giving them an avenue to rival against multinational corporations. Outsourcing overseas is even more profitable for small businesses. Products made overseas are much cheaper since the minimum wage laws in different countries vary and are often much lower in certain countries. Additionally, the worth of currency in more developed countries counts for significantly more than the currency in other countries, making the cost of salaries and production much lower. For instance, many American businesses choose to have production operations run in China because of the cost effectiveness of this decision. Wage laws in China are extremely deregulated, allowing businesses to underpay their workers. Although this poses significant moral dilemmas, from an economic point of view, it is very profitable for small businesses who can now exploit this means of saving money. Since this has become an option for small businesses, they have become greater rivals and much more competitive in the international marketplace. Globalization has opened this door for small businesses and provided an avenue for increased wealth. Policy Issues and Recommendations When it comes to market globalization, every country has their share of policy issues and problems. Canada has three main issues that slow down their SME’s in confronting the challenge of market globalization. Firstly, the Canadian monetary policies have affected the value of the Canadian dollar resulting in reduced competitiveness. The goal intended for the Canadian monetary policy was to limit inflation, while ignoring Canada’s global objectives such as the competitiveness of the dollar on markets and job creation. As a result, Canada has interest rates that are higher than their competitors, which unfortunately creates overvalue in the Canadian dollar. Secondly, increases in investment in both tangible and intangible technologies are needed for the competitiveness of SME’s. Canadian enterprises competitiveness, results from the transfer of new tangible production technologies, such as plant and equipment. However, Canada should also gain competitiveness from intangible technologies, such as management and staff training, as well as new forms of internal and external organization. This equal investment of intangible and tangible technologies will result in the creation of partnerships, which in the long run will connect small and large enterprises while provoking innovation and maintaining flexibility among members. Thirdly, access to information is an important factor that the Canadian SME’s are lacking. SME’s need management that is well informed about different markets and international competition, so that human and organizational resources can effectively reply to the opening up of markets. Subsequently, Canadian SME’s need a new macroeconomic policy, an equal investment in tangible and intangible technologies, and access to information about specific markets, in order for them to meet the new challenge of the global economy. The globalization of SME’s has various different implications for policy issues at a national, local, and international level. Below is a table that describes the possible country initiatives suggested for each policy issue on a national and local level. Policy issue Possible initiative Start-ups and competitiveness Emphasize international competitiveness in start-up assistance and targets. Information access First-stop and one-stop shops that can advise both domestic and foreign clients. Management Advisory consultancy programmes to integrate international advice. Technology International technology exchange programmes. Finance Export finance and guarantee programmes. On the national and local level, Canada needs to focus on proper plans, strategies, and policies. As previously stated, Canada needs to focus on their information access, their management, and increasing their competitiveness. Given these initiatives, it is important to focus on programmes that are cost-effective in order to increase international competitiveness and avoid destructive competition between borders. A management and human resource development programme will give training in skills specific to international activities such as export management. For example, the Kunto programme in Finland works by first analyzing the SME’s needs, strengths, and weaknesses, and then teach how to develop export markets. Other programmes such as information access, gives the SME an advisory service to help them with information about regulations, market conditions, etc. For example, the Canadian Business Service Centres provide a central point of contact for SME’s when seeking information, and also work with the private sector. Canada could benefit from these programmes, and many more, when dealing with national and local policies towards SME’s. However, on an international level, SME’s will need to recognize the dynamic of the entrepreneurial engine of growth that they provide. SME’s need better development of better infrastructure and once again, finding the best programmes and practice policies. Below is a table that describes the possible initiatives suggested for each policy issue on an international level. Policy Issue Possible initiative Access to information Work toward common standards and formats for the provision of government information. Access to markets   Establish simple notification procedure facing market access problems. Business incorporation Examine future requirements for legal recognition of emerging structures. International finance Convene a forum of SME finance-providers to investigate feasibility. Competition policy Continue work to establish international comparability and recognition of competition law principles. General and future trends Although SME internationalization is difficult, based on the eighteen OECD countries, and eight Asian economies, there has been a final analysis made for general trends and key features of SME globalization. Firstly, SME’s contribute between 15 and 50 per cent of exports, between 20 and 80 per cent of SME’s are exporters, and they contribute between 25 and 35 per cent of world manufactured direct exports. Secondly, SME internationalization has been found to be greater in smaller open economies and less in larger, and more self-contained economies. For example, in large economies such as France, SME’s contribute 30 per cent of exports. However, in small economies, such as Denmark, SME’s contribute 50 per cent of exports. Additionally, in countries for which information is available, SME’s have increased their international role. For example, in Finland they increased their share of exports from 17.8 per cent in 1987 to 23 per cent in 1991. Also, approximately 10 per cent of SME’s are engaged in foreign direct investment, and 10 percent or more of foreign investment is attributable to SME’s. Lastly, less than 40 per cent SME’s are reasonably protected from any effects of globalization. Now that we know the general trends of all international SME’s we can look at the specific trends for Canadian SME international activity and compare where we stand amongst the general trends of SME’s. First of all it is important to know that there are three main types of Canadian SME exporters. The first is the opportunist exporter, where a firm adopts a mostly reactive strategy, with little resources devoted to pursuing international opportunities. The second is the exporting SME in transition, where the firm is in the process of moving toward a more sustained and consistent approach to international activity. Lastly, the professional exporting SME is a firm that is committed to sustained international activities, which is a more professional approach. In Canada, about 14 per cent of manufacturing SME’s export products, but most of the products only export less than 20 per cent of their production, and most of that percentage goes to the United States. However 2 per cent of those SME’s have increased their exports to other countries besides the United States, and can be recognized as fully global. Approximately 25 percent of manufacturing SME’s, and 20 per cent of general SME’s are at risk of being directly exposed to increased international competition, and thus unlikely to survive in their present form. The remainder of SME’s which is around 27 per cent, are already exporting or they have export potential, and thus globalization creates new opportunities. After having read the general trends analysis of international and Canadian SME’s, one may ask themselves, what will happen in the future? Unfortunately there isn’t enough statistical information to establish a baseline of present level and pattern. However, with the available information, there has been an estimation of likely trends. It is suggested that the level of SME globalization will continue to increase, and there are 5 reasons why it is expected to do so. Firstly, international trade opportunities will increase as a result of WTO (world trade organization) agreements, along with a number of international agreements for trade liberalization and reduction of non-trade impediments. Secondly, as the level of globalization of industry increases, so will the level if SME globalization. Thirdly, there will be a self-generating expansion. The learning-by-doing is likely to help accelerate the process of SME globalization. Furthermore, technological advances in communications and computing will continue to make it easier and cheaper for SME’s to operate internationally. Lastly, globalization of SME’s is not a policy itself, however it is an important factor in economic development. Governments can be expected to pursue policy initiatives to increase global competitiveness of their SME’s. These five factors are likely to affect the three main industry groupings in different ways. SME’s in mature conventional industries and markets are likely to be able to grow at a rate slightly exceeding that of world trade growth. Restructuring in the mature global industries and markets is likely to limit the potential for SME’s to grow at more than the rate of growth of world trade. Additionally, the opportunities for international growth in excess of the trade growth rate are most likely to be taken by larger firms that organize smaller and more specialized SME’s. In conclusion, SME internationalization will proceed faster than the rate of growth of domestic SME’s, and it is also predicted a structural shift in importance toward new and niche markets. Conclusion Small businesses have made many adjustments due to the effects of globalization. Globalization has provided avenues for increased productivity and competitiveness but has also pushed small businesses into dilemmas, including competing against multinational corporations. Small businesses have played a significant role in the makeup of various countries’ economies and will continue to play an important role. However, now, it is important to study the effects of globalization in thinking of future steps and goals in small businesses. Globalization has had both negative and positive effects on small businesses. More than ever, it is important to learn how to take advantage of globalization and operate in the international marketplace.